Respiratory therapists (RTs) can fill a variety of roles in healthcare settings, from providing care to patients with respiratory conditions to managing ventilators for critically ill patients in ICUs. Like many workers in the healthcare field, respiratory therapists often have access to privileged information and owe patients a strict legal duty of care.
Patient Confidentiality
Maintaining patient confidentiality is a cornerstone of ethical and legal practice for respiratory therapists. Confidentiality involves protecting the privacy of patient information, making sure that sensitive details are only shared with those who have a legitimate need to know. This responsibility is enshrined in laws such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
About HIPAA
HIPAA establishes national standards for the protection of health information. As a respiratory therapist, you will have access to patients’ personal health information (PHI), including medical histories and treatment plans.
HIPAA requires that this information be kept confidential and shared only with authorized individuals. Additionally, the law requires strict maintenance of records. If the negligence of a healthcare worker results in privileged information being shared or accessed by an unauthorized party, the worker could face consequences, even if they didn’t knowingly or intentionally allow the breach to occur.
Violations of HIPAA can lead to severe legal consequences, including fines and loss of licensure and can damage the trust between healthcare providers and patients.
Practical Applications of Confidentiality
In daily practice, maintaining confidentiality means handling medical records with care, ensuring discussions about patient care are private and being mindful of who is present when sharing sensitive information. Respiratory therapists must be diligent in protecting patient information in all forms—whether electronic, written or spoken.
Informed Consent
Informed consent is a legal and ethical requirement that involves explaining a medical procedure or treatment to a patient and confirming they are aware of risks and side effects before agreeing to proceed. For respiratory therapists, this might involve explaining the purpose and risks of treatments like mechanical ventilation or pulmonary rehabilitation. Patients must be given the opportunity to ask questions and must fully understand the information provided before they can give informed consent.
Respecting Patient Choices
Respecting patient autonomy also means honoring their right to refuse treatment. Even if a respiratory therapist believes a particular treatment is in the patient’s best interest, they must respect the patient’s decision. These situations require empathy, professionalism and the ability to have sometimes difficult conversations with people in trying circumstances.
Adherence to Professional Standards
Professional standards for respiratory therapists are outlined by organizations such as the American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC). These standards require RTs to maintain competence in their field, engage in continuous education and stay informed about advances in respiratory care. Failing to adhere to these standards can lead to disciplinary action from licensing boards and professional organizations.
Accountability
Accountability is a fundamental principle in all fields of healthcare. Respiratory therapists are responsible for their actions and decisions, which means taking responsibility for the care they provide. This includes acknowledging and addressing mistakes, reporting unethical behavior and always striving to improve their practice. Proper documentation of care is also essential for patient safety and legal compliance.
Providing Competent Care
Competent care involves applying the necessary knowledge and skills to treat patients effectively. Respiratory therapists must make sure they are using the most appropriate interventions and are proficient in the use of relevant equipment. Failing to provide care that meets the accepted standard can result in patient harm and legal liability.
Avoiding Harm (Non-Maleficence)
The principle of non-maleficence obliges healthcare providers to avoid causing harm to patients. This includes preventing physical and psychological harm that might result from negligence or incompetence. Respiratory therapists must be vigilant in following established protocols, checking equipment and staying informed about potential risks associated with treatments.
Navigating Ethical Dilemmas
Respiratory therapists may encounter ethical dilemmas where the best course of action is unclear. In most situations, the patient’s wishes will be paramount, as long as the patient has been informed and they are cognitively capable of making those decisions. In these situations, respiratory therapists must advocate for what is best for the patient in accordance with their informed wishes, using ethical reasoning and professional guidelines to make informed decisions.
Empowering Patients
Advocacy also involves empowering patients to take an active role in their care. Respiratory therapists can help by educating patients about their conditions, explaining treatment options and supporting informed decision-making.
Ready to Take On the Rewarding Challenge of Becoming a Respiratory Therapist?
If you’re ready to become a respiratory therapist, our Respiratory Therapist Program at the St. Louis College of Health Careers will help you pave the way toward success.
Contact us here on our website to apply or give us a call at 866-529-2070 for more information.